The Coonan Kurish Satyam, also known as the Coonan Cross Oath, is a significant event in the history of the Malankara Orthodox Church. It took place on January 3, 1653, in Mattancherry, Kerala, India. This oath was a public declaration by the Saint Thomas Christians, rejecting the authority of the Jesuits and the Latin Catholic hierarchy imposed by Portuguese colonizers
The Saint Thomas Christians, who had maintained their ancient Syrian Christian traditions, faced attempts by the Portuguese to Latinize their practices through measures like the Synod of Diamper in 1599. These efforts included enforcing Latin rites, clerical celibacy, and the use of Portuguese bishops. The capture and rumored execution of Patriarch Ahatallah by the Portuguese further fueled the community’s resistance.
During the oath, approximately 25,000 Christians gathered at the Mattancherry Church and held ropes tied to a leaning cross, symbolizing their unity and determination. They pledged to preserve their traditions and remain loyal to their Archdeacon until they could receive a bishop from the Eastern Church.
This event marked a turning point, leading to a permanent schism within the community and the formation of distinct factions. The Coonen Kurish Satyam remains a powerful symbol of resistance and the preservation of faith and identity.